Author: Gareth

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Structure: ‘Modals 7’

Modals and prohibition

From the diagram, we can see that to talk about prohibition there are five options, depending on the situation. ‘Mustn’t’ is the strongest structure, while ‘shouldn’t’ is the weakest. ‘Can’t’ and ‘may not’ relate to medium levels of prohibition. Look at the diagram and then look at the examples below for some more information.

How to talk about prohibition.
How to talk about prohibition.

Present
Passengers can’t enter the cockpit during flights.
You may not put your bag under the seat in a beside and emergency exit.
You shouldn’t drink your own alcohol on board.
You mustn’t smoke on board.

Future
We can’t have a day off next Monday.
They may not land after 2am, the airport will be closed.
He shouldn’t perform the landing for the next flight, it’s not his turn.
They mustn’t switch seats after the planes takes off.

Reported speech
He told us we couldn’t switch our flight.

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Video answers: ‘Airlander Hybrid Airship’

Here are the answers to last Friday’s video, enjoy!

Suggested ICAO level for video: 5+

  1. The Airliner made its long-awaited first flight.
  2. The designer imagines it will be used for aerial surveillance or cargo delivery.
  3. It’s the largest in the world, 300ft long and 150ft wide.
  4. It reduces the maximum payload possible.
  5. The exact terms under which the aircraft may eventually be certified are currently unknown.

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Video: ‘Airlander Hybrid Airship’

Fly High English - Video

This week’s video reports on the first flight of the Airlander Hybrid Airship. Watch the video the find out more about this unusual aircraft.

Try to answer the following questions about the video and come back on Monday for the answers.

Suggested ICAO level for video: 5+

  1. What happened on August 17th?
  2. What does its designer imagine its uses will include?
  3. How does its size compare to other aircraft?
  4. What’s the disadvantage of taking off straight up into the air?
  5. What uncertainties does the aircraft face?

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Have a great weekend!

The Airlander Hybrid Airship, the World’s Longest Aircraft, Takes to the Skies – AINtv

The new version of the Airlander 10 hybrid airship made its long-awaited first flight on August 17, 2016 from Cardington Airfield in the UK. Its British developer, Hybrid Air Vehicles, envisages applications such as aerial surveillance or cargo delivery for what is now the world’s longest aircraft.

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Structure: ‘Modals 6’

Modals and permission

Looking at our diagram we can see that to ask for permission in the present or future we have four options; can, could, may or might. Could is a little more polite than can, and may or might are very formal, so choose the correct model for your situation.

Asking for permission.
Asking for permission.

Present
Can I open this window shade?
Could I open this window shade?
May I open this window shade?
Might I open this window shade?

Future
Can I use the jumpseat on the next flight?
Could I use the jumpseat on the next flight?
May I use the jumpseat on the next flight?
Might I use the jumpseat on the next flight?

To refer to permission in the past use ‘allow sb to’ (which is not a modal verb).

eg The company allowed me to continue flying 48 hours after the incident.

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Video answers: ‘Air refuelling’

Here are the answers to last Friday’s video, enjoy!

Suggested ICAO level for video: 5+

  1. They’re approximately 30ft from each other travelling at between 200 and 350 knots.
  2. It extends the range of a plane and allows it to continue its mission with no interruptions.
  3. They pump fuel at 1,200 gallons per minute.
  4. He has to be careful of hitting the other plane with the refuelling boom.
  5. Night vision cameras and 3D glasses have made the operator’s job easier.

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Video: ‘Air refuelling’

Fly High English - Video

This week’s video that describes how military aircraft are able to refuel in mid-air and continue their missions.

Try to answer the following questions about the video and come back on Monday for the answers.

Suggested ICAO level for video: 5+

  1. What speed and distance are the aircraft from each other during the refuelling?
  2. Why is air refuelling necessary?
  3. How fast do they pump fuel to the other plane?
  4. What does the air refuelling operator have to be careful of?
  5. What technological advances have made the operator’s job easier?

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Have a great weekend!

The Boeing KC-46A Tanker: Refuels Military Aircraft Using 3D

The KC-46A Pegasus tanker is changing the game in air refueling. A revolutionary air refueling operator station (AROS), that displays images in super-high definition, monochromatic 3D, is enabling the US Air Force to conduct refueling like never before.