Author: Gareth

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Structure: ‘avoid vs prevent’

Fly High English - Structure

This time in our structure help we talk about the difference between avoid and prevent. These two verbs relate to similar, but not the same ideas. Check out the diagram below for the differences and read some more examples below.

Diagram explaining the difference between avoid and prevent.
The difference between avoid and prevent.

Examples
The pilots avoided the high speed taxiway because of the ice.
The cabin crew avoided each other after the flight because of the argument they had.
The strike prevented flights from operating normally.
The schedulers prevented the pilots from having five days off in a row.

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Video answers: ‘Mig-25’

Here are the answers to last Friday’s video, enjoy!

Suggested ICAO level for video: 5+

  1. It was flown to Japan because its pilot wanted to defect to the West.
  2. It had a high wing, swept back at 42 degrees, two tail fins and two ventral fins.
  3. One of two materials had to be used; titanium or steel.
  4. Aluminium parts can be fixed with rivets while high tensile steel has to be fixed by welding.
  5. It had to heat resistant and maintain its properties at high temperatures.
  6. It was a reconnaissance version of the fighter.
  7. Water in the fuel froze, almost causing the plane to crash.
  8. The designers enlarged the tail fins to resolve the issue.
  9. During missile launches the plane would sometimes roll on its back and dive steeply.

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Video: ‘Mig-25’

Fly High English - Video

This week’s video describes the Mig-25, the most powerful interceptor in the former USSR. Watch the video to find out more about it.

Try to answer the following questions about the video and come back on Monday for the answers.

Suggested ICAO level for video: 5+

  1. Why was the Mig-25 flown to Japan in 1976?
  2. What were some of the main design characterises of the Mig-25?
  3. What solutions existed to the extreme temperature experienced by the plane at its maximum speeds?
  4. What’s one of the main differences between fixing aluminium parts and steel parts?
  5. What was different about the fuel for the Mig-25?
  6. What was the first prototype’s purpose?
  7. What was the problem during its maiden flight?
  8. What solution was found to the directional-stability-at-high-speed issue?
  9. What problem was found to occur during missile launches?

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Structure: ‘Modals 8’

Modals and obligation

In the diagram below we can see that both should and must can be used to talk about present or future obligations. Again, when we want to talk about obligations in other tenses we can use other verbs which aren’t modals. The most common one is have to. Use have to in the past and with would, will or other modals (remember we never use two modals together). Review the examples below the diagram and tray to write some examples yourself. Then try to used have to for obligations in other tenses.

How to talk about obligations.
How to talk about obligations.

Present
He should wait before entering the plane. (not a strong obligation)
They must sit during the takeoff and landing. (strong obligation)

Future
You should get a taxi from the airport after you disembark.
She must file the report before 8pm tomorrow evening.

Past
They had to divert due to weather conditions. (strong obligation)
We had to renew our medical licence before returning to the line. (strong obligation)

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Video answers: ‘How to fly the A380’

Here are the answers to last Friday’s video, enjoy!

Suggested ICAO level for video: 5+

  1. The flight plan becomes visible on the navigation display after putting the information into the FMC.
  2. The last step is to put the engine masters on.
  3. The windows, the onboard airport navigation system and two cameras on the exterior of the plane.
  4. The nose camera helps while they taxi.
  5. It has automatic trim.
  6. It’s used to disengage the autopilot.
  7. With ‘break to vacate’ selected, you select your preferred runway exit point during the approach and the computer automatically selects the necessary breaking level to slow down sufficiently.

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Video: ‘How to fly the A380’

Fly High English - Video

This week’s video describes how to fly the world’s biggest plane, the A380. Watch the video to find out how it’s done.

Try to answer the following questions about the video and come back on Monday for the answers.

Suggested ICAO level for video: 5+

  1. What happens after the information is put into the FMC?
  2. What’s the last step for the pilots before the computer starts up the engines?
  3. What navigation aids does the A380 have?
  4. What helps the pilots while they taxi?
  5. What is an advantage to the side-stick?
  6. What’s the red button for on the side-stick?
  7. How does ‘break to vacate’ work?

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Have a great weekend!

How to fly the world’s largest passenger aircraft | Airbus A380 | Emirates Airline

Watch our captain give a tour of the Airbus A380 flight deck and explain how the world’s largest passenger aircraft flies.